Residuals

what the model does not explain

eᵢ = yᵢ − ŷᵢ

The difference between each observed value and the value predicted by the model. Plotted against the fitted values they should form a random cloud around zero. A curve suggests a missing term, a funnel growing variation, and isolated large residuals possible errors or special causes.

Calculate it

Regression and Correlation: Simple and multiple regression, correlation, R², p-values and residual plot.

Related terms

• R² (coefficient of determination): share of the variation the model explains